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Cannabis indica is an annual plant species in the family Cannabaceae [1] indigenous to the Hindu Kush mountains of Southern Asia. [2] The plant produces large amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) [ 3 ] and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), with total cannabinoid levels being as high as 53.7%. [ 4 ]
A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
Indica strains can help with anxiety disorders, have soothing properties, and may relieve stress - plus many other great health benefits. Still, it works for those looking to relax and have fun.
Popular strains are often hybrids of C. sativa and C. indica. The medicinal effects of cannabis are widely studied, and are active topics of research both at universities and private research firms. Many jurisdictions have laws regulating or prohibiting the cultivation, sale and/or use of medical and recreational cannabis. [citation needed]
The subjective effects of sativas and indicas are said to differ, but the ratio of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to cannabidiol (CBD) in most named drug varieties of both types is similar (averaging about 200:1). Unlike most commercially developed strains, indica landraces exhibit plants with varying THC/CBD ratios. [7]
The effects last for two to six hours, depending on the amount used. At high doses, mental effects can include anxiety, delusions (including ideas of reference), hallucinations, panic, paranoia, and psychosis. There is a strong relation between cannabis use and the risk of psychosis, though the direction of causality is debated.
In 1843, William O’Shaughnessy, used "Indian hemp (C. indica)" in a work title. The author claimed that this choice wasn't based on a clear distinction between C. sativa and C. indica, but may have been influenced by the choice to use the term "Indian hemp" (linked to the plant's history in India), hence naming the species as indica. [65]
[2] [3] In the laboratory, researchers have confirmed the effect of cannabis on the perception of time in both humans and animals. [4] Studies have sought to explain how cannabis changes the internal clock. Matthew et al. (1998) looked at the cerebellum, positing a relationship between cerebellar blood flow and the distortion of time perception ...