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Some subfields of geochemistry are: [9] Aqueous geochemistry studies the role of various elements in watersheds, including copper, sulfur, mercury, and how elemental fluxes are exchanged through atmospheric-terrestrial-aquatic interactions. [10] Biogeochemistry is the field of study focusing on the effect of life on the chemistry of the Earth.
Biogeochemistry is the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that govern the composition of the natural environment (including the biosphere, the cryosphere, the hydrosphere, the pedosphere, the atmosphere, and the lithosphere).
Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. [1] This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres: the biosphere , hydrosphere / cryosphere , atmosphere , and geosphere (or lithosphere ).
Isotope geochemistry – study of the relative and absolute concentrations of the elements and their isotopes using chemistry and geology; Ocean chemistry – studies the chemistry of marine environments including the influences of different variables. Organic geochemistry – study of the impacts and processes that organisms have had on Earth
Another area of investigation in geomicrobiology is the study of extremophile organisms, the microorganisms that thrive in environments normally considered hostile to life. Such environments may include extremely hot ( hot springs or mid-ocean ridge black smoker ) environments, extremely saline environments, or even space environments such as ...
Environmental chemists draw on a range of concepts from chemistry and various environmental sciences to assist in their study of what is happening to a chemical species in the environment. Important general concepts from chemistry include understanding chemical reactions and equations , solutions , units , sampling , and analytical techniques .
Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry (HIBGC) is the scientific study of biological, geological, and chemical processes in the environment using the distribution and relative abundance of hydrogen isotopes. Hydrogen has two stable isotopes, protium 1 H and deuterium 2 H, which vary in relative abundance on the order of hundreds of permil.
Organic geochemistry is the study of organic molecules that appear in the fossil record in sedimentary rocks. Research in this field concerns molecular fossils that are often lipid biomarkers. Molecules like sterols and hopanoids, membrane lipids found in eukaryotes and bacteria, respectively, can be preserved in the rock record on billion-year ...