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Normal vaginal discharge is composed of cervical mucus, vaginal fluid, shedding vaginal and cervical cells, and bacteria. [1] The majority of the liquid in vaginal discharge is mucus produced by glands of the cervix. [1] [4] The rest is made up of transudate from the vaginal walls and secretions from glands (Skene's and Bartholin's). [4]
This discharge can keep occurring for years, in which case it becomes more yellow and strong-smelling. It is usually a non-pathological symptom secondary to inflammatory conditions of the vagina or cervix. [5] Leukorrhea can be confirmed by finding >10 WBC per high-power field under a microscope when examining vaginal fluid. [6]
Bleeding in excess of this norm in a nonpregnant woman constitutes gynecologic hemorrhage. In addition, early pregnancy bleeding has sometimes been included as gynecologic hemorrhage, namely bleeding from a miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy, while it actually represents obstetrical bleeding. However, from a practical view, early pregnancy ...
Cervical health and period-related pain can be discussed with your healthcare provider to weigh out a few options. "Going on birth control can help you manage your period symptoms," says Dr. Mysore.
"Menopause is when you go 12 months consecutively without a period, which means without the use of medications, like birth control, that prevent your period from coming each month," Tang tells Yahoo.
[3] [6] Bleeding from the blood vessels of the polyp contributes to an increase of blood loss during menstruation and blood "spotting" between menstrual periods, or after menopause. [7] If the polyp protrudes through the cervix into the vagina, pain ( dysmenorrhea ) may result.
Heavy periods at menarche and menopause may settle spontaneously (the menarche being the start and menopause being the cessation of periods). If the degree of bleeding is mild, all that may be sought is the reassurance that there is no sinister underlying cause.
Bleeding may occur frequently or infrequently, and can occur between periods, after sexual intercourse, and after menopause. Bleeding during pregnancy is excluded. [12] Hypomenorrhea is abnormally light menstrual bleeding. [13] Menorrhagia (meno = prolonged, rrhagia = excessive flow/discharge) is an abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual ...