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The Soviet T-64 was the first mass-produced tank with composite armour The Leclerc tank is equipped with NERA (Non-explosive reactive armour) [1] Depending on the operating state, the Leopard 2 has various extended armour elements such as bomb protection for the top, cage armour, extended mine protection (A6M) or additional armour in the form of composite armour MEXAS or AMAP Plasan SandCat ...
Ceramic armor is armor used by armored vehicles and in personal armor to resist projectile penetration through its high hardness and compressive strength. In its most basic form, it consists of two primary components: A ceramic layer on the outer surface, called the "strike face," backed up by a ductile fiber reinforced plastic composite or metal layer.
Baltic Shield, part of the East European Craton; Fennoscandian Shield, the exposed Northwestern part of the Baltic Shield in Norway, Sweden and Finland (3.1 Ga) Karelian Craton, part of the Fennoscandian Shield in Southeast Finland and Karelia Russia, (3.4 Ga) Kola Craton, part of the Fennoscandian Shield, Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia
The first prototype of the shield was believed to be created in the Late Neolithic Age. However the oldest surviving shields date to sometime in the Bronze Age. [3] The oldest form of shield was a protection device designed to block attacks by hand weapons, such as swords, axes and maces, or ranged weapons like sling-stones and arrows.
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a typically conical volcano built up by many alternating layers of hardened lava and tephra. [1] Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with a summit crater and explosive eruptions. [2] Some have collapsed summit craters called calderas. [3]
Chobham armour is the informal name of a composite armour developed in the 1960s at the Military Vehicles and Engineering Establishment, a British tank research centre on Chobham Lane in Chertsey. The name has since become the common generic term for composite ceramic vehicle armour.
The two metallic plates in the NERA sandwich are made of steels of varying hardness and thickness. Depleted uranium plates have also been tested. [7] Rubber and plastic were initially used as the inner non-metallic material, but modern materials now include foam, nylon, polycarbonate, glass, elastomer and more energetic materials such as glycidyl azide polymer (GAP).
A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, ... The principal difference between the volcanoes of Mars and those on Earth is in terms of size ...