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Open fracture with adequate soft tissue coverage of a fractured bone despite extensive soft tissue laceration or flaps, or high-energy trauma (gunshot and farm injuries) regardless of the size of the wound [14] [15] IIIB: Open fracture with extensive soft-tissue loss and periosteal stripping and bone damage. Usually associated with massive ...
Fracture of the cervical spine (left red arrow showing vertebral body fracture) treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) (hardware seen on the right) Patients with spinal cord injury due to trauma tend to have other life-threatening traumatic injuries or complications of spinal cord injury such as neurogenic shock [ 12 ] that ...
Advanced trauma life support (ATLS) is a training program for medical providers in the management of acute trauma cases, developed by the American College of Surgeons. Similar programs exist for immediate care providers such as paramedics.
A cervical fracture, commonly called a broken neck, is a fracture of any of the seven cervical vertebrae in the neck. Examples of common causes in humans are traffic collisions and diving into shallow water.
In medicine, the Ottawa ankle rules are a set of guidelines for clinicians to help decide if a patient with foot or ankle pain should be offered X-rays to diagnose a possible bone fracture. Before the introduction of the rules most patients with ankle injuries would have been imaged.
However, Type III fractures occur in 60% of all the open fracture cases. Infection of the Type III fractures is observed in 10% to 50% of the time. Therefore, in 1984, Gustilo subclassified Type III fractures into A, B, and C with the aim of guiding the treatment of open fractures, communication and research, and to predict outcomes.
Under the NEXUS guidelines, when an acute blunt force injury is present, a cervical spine is deemed to not need radiological imaging if all the following criteria are met: There is no posterior midline cervical tenderness; There is no evidence of intoxication; The patient is alert and oriented to person, place, time, and event
Vallier developed the concept of Early Appropriate Care, which re-defined Orthopaedic trauma resuscitation guidelines globally by determining when delayed definitive fixation for pelvis, femur, acetabulum, and spine fractures was indicated, and when polytraumatized patients were physiologically optimized for surgery. [5]