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  2. Finger substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger_substitution

    During the replacement, there is a risk of sounding unwanted notes or releasing the held note. Foot substitution can be done without planning for slow-moving, simple pedal parts. However, rapid or complex "pedal parts must be "choreographed" by the organist" and "carefully planned if they are to be successful". [2]

  3. Tuning mechanisms for stringed instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuning_mechanisms_for...

    Here, the two strings on the far side pass through the keyhole slots directly, but the nearer two strings use fine tuners. Fine tuners are used on the tailpiece of some stringed instruments, as a supplement to the tapered pegs at the other end. Tapered pegs are harder to use to make small adjustments to pitch. Fine tuners are not geared.

  4. Piano tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_tuning

    A Papps mute performs the same function in an upright piano and is placed through the piano action to mute either the 2 left strings (of a trichord), or the 2 right strings similarly. After the center strings are all tuned (or right if a Papps mute is used) the felt strip can be removed note by note, tuning the outer strings to the center strings.

  5. Stretched tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretched_tuning

    In the acoustic piano, harpsichord, and clavichord, the vibrating element is a metal wire or string; in many non-digital electric pianos, it is a tapered metal tine (Rhodes piano) or reed (Wurlitzer electric piano) with one end clamped and the other free to vibrate.

  6. Stringed instrument tunings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stringed_instrument_tunings

    2 strings 2 courses (E • B) Ikili Tuva, Mongolia: Pitch varies depending what other instruments the Igil is playing with, but the two strings are always tuned a 5th apart. Irish bouzouki: 8 strings 4 courses. Standard/common: G 3 G 2 •D 4 D 3 •A 3 A 3 •E 4 E 4. Alternates: Mandolin: G 2 G 2 •D 3 D 3 •A 3 A 3 •E 4 E 4. Irish: G 3 G ...

  7. Piano extended techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_extended_techniques

    prepared piano, i.e. introducing foreign objects into the workings of the piano to change the sound quality; string piano, i.e. hitting or plucking the strings directly or any other direct manipulation of the strings; sound icon, i.e. placing a piano on its side and bowing the strings with horsehair and other materials

  8. Cross-stringing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-stringing

    This permits larger, but not necessarily longer, strings to fit within the case of the piano. [1] The invention of cross-stringing in the 1820s is variously credited to Alpheus Babcock [2] [3] and Jean-Henri Pape. [4] The first use of the patent in grand pianos in the United States was by Henry Steinway Jr. in 1859.

  9. Fingering (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingering_(music)

    Guitar music indicates thumb, occasionally used to finger bass notes on the low E string, with a 'T'. Position may be indicated through ordinal numbers (e.g., 3rd) or Roman numerals. A string may also be indicated through Roman numerals, often I-IV, or by its open-string note. A change in positions is referred to as a shift. Guitar music ...