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2. Concrete degradation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_degradation

   The alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is a deleterious chemical reaction between the alkali (Na 2 O and K 2 O), dissolved in concrete pore water as NaOH and KOH, with reactive amorphous (non-crystalline) siliceous aggregates in the presence of moisture. The simplest way to write the reaction in a stylized manner is the following (other ...

3. Sulfate attack in concrete and mortar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate_attack_in_concrete...

   A fairly well-defined reaction front can often be observed in thin sections; ahead of the front the concrete is normal, or near normal. Behind the reaction front, the composition and the microstructure of concrete are modified. These changes may vary in type or severity but commonly include: Extensive cracking; Expansion

4. Alkali–carbonate reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali–carbonate_reaction

   The alkali–carbonate reaction is an alteration process first suspected in the 1950s in Canada for the degradation of concrete containing dolomite aggregates. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Alkali from the cement might react with the dolomite crystals present in the aggregate inducing the production of brucite , (MgOH) 2 , and calcite (CaCO 3 ).

5. Alkali–silica reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali–silica_reaction

   The alkali–silica reaction (ASR), also commonly known as concrete cancer, [3] is a deleterious internal swelling reaction that occurs over time in concrete between the highly alkaline cement paste and the reactive amorphous (i.e., non-crystalline) silica found in many common aggregates, given sufficient moisture.

6. Paint stripper - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint_stripper

   Paint remover is applied to an aircraft's landing gear during an inspection looking for cracks in the aluminum. Paint stripper or paint remover is a chemical product designed to remove paint, finishes, and coatings, while also cleaning the underlying surface. Chemical paint removers are advantageous because they act on any kind of geometry and ...

7. EPA implements toughest restrictions yet on use of highly ...

   www.aol.com/epa-implements-toughest-restrictions...

   The chemical will still be available for certain purposes, but with new guidelines meant to keep workers safe. EPA implements toughest restrictions yet on use of highly toxic chemical in paint ...

8. Alkali–aggregate reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali–aggregate_reaction

   Surface of a concrete pillar with crack pattern of alkali–silica reaction. Alkali–aggregate reaction is a term mainly referring to a reaction which occurs over time in concrete between the highly alkaline cement paste and non-crystalline silicon dioxide, which is found in many common aggregates.

9. Environmental impact of concrete - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of...

   Carbonatation, sometimes called carbonation, is the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) by chemical reaction, which, if used in concrete, can sequester carbon dioxide. [27] The speed of carbonation depends primarily on the porosity of the concrete and its moisture content.