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The bassoon is a musical instrument in the woodwind family, which plays in the tenor and bass ranges. [1] It is composed of six pieces, and is usually made of wood. It is known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, versatility, and virtuosity. [1]
There are also many names by which the instrument is known: tenoroon (a contraction of tenor bassoon), quart- and quint-bassoon (the former for the instrument in F and the latter for the one in G), fagottino, and mini-bassoon. Tenor bassoons have been made in many various keys: D ♭, E ♭, F, and G.
Woodwind instruments are a family of musical instruments within the greater category of wind instruments. Common examples include flute , clarinet , oboe , bassoon , and saxophone . There are two main types of woodwind instruments: flutes and reed instruments (otherwise called reed pipes).
The bassoon repertoire consists of pieces of music composed for bassoon as a principal instrument that may be performed with or without other instruments. Below is a non-exhaustive list of major works for the bassoon.
The contrabassoon reed is similar to an average bassoon's in that scraping the reed affects both the intonation and response of the instrument. [1] Contrabassoons feature a slightly simplified version of bassoon keywork, though all open toneholes on bassoon have necessarily been replaced with keys and pads due to the physical distances.
Racketts, from Michael Praetorius' Syntagma Musicum Theatrum Instrumentorum seu Sciagraphia (1619). The rackett, raggett, cervelas, or sausage bassoon is a Renaissance-era double reed wind instrument, introduced late in the sixteenth century and already superseded by bassoons at the end of the seventeenth century.
Unlike the bassoon it normally has a flared bell, sometimes made from a separate piece of timber. This bell can sometimes be muted, the mute being either detachable, or built into the instrument. The outside of the instrument can also be covered in leather, like the cornett.
The contrabassophone is a woodwind instrument, invented about 1847 by German bassoon maker Heinrich Joseph Haseneier. [1] It was intended as a substitute for the contrabassoon, which at that time was an unsatisfactory instrument, with a muffled sound due to tone holes that were too small and too close together.