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The history of St. Louis, Missouri from 1763 to 1803 was marked by the transfer of French Louisiana to Spanish control, the founding of the city of St. Louis, its slow growth and role in the American Revolution under the rule of the Spanish, the transfer of the area to American control in the Louisiana Purchase, and its steady growth and prominence since then.
In early 1928, the city of St. Louis purchased the airport from Lambert, making it the first municipally owned airport in the United States; Lambert remains the area's primary airport. [172] Although St. Louis enforced a variety of Jim Crow laws, the area generally had a lower level of racial violence and fewer lynchings than the American South ...
The history of St. Louis, Missouri from 1804 to 1865 included the creation of St. Louis as the territorial capital of the Louisiana Territory, a brief period of growth until the Panic of 1819 and subsequent depression, rapid diversification of industry after the introduction of the steamboat and the return of prosperity, and rising tensions about the issues of immigration and slavery.
European exploration of the area began nearly a century before the city of St. Louis was officially founded. In the early 1670s, Jean Talon, the Intendant of New France, ordered an exploration of the potential of the Mississippi River after hearing of rumors that it connected to the Pacific Ocean. [5]
1958 – Landmarks Association of St. Louis established. 1959 – St. Louis sit-in during the Civil Rights Movement. [59] 1960 Population: 750,026. [41] Sister city relationship established with Stuttgart, Germany. [60] The National Football League's Chicago Cardinals relocate to St. Louis. They will remain through 1987.
The first Catholic church in St. Louis is where Auguste Chouteau married Marie-Thérèse Cerre in 1786. After Laclède's death in 1778, Chouteau took over the business of trading, adding greatly to the family fortunes. [28] He quickly expanded the business to include agricultural properties, and banking, and owned an early grist mill in St. Louis.
Early St. Louis had a particular focus on fur trading, which led to periodic food shortages and the city's nickname of 'Paincourt', meaning short of bread. [29] South of St. Louis a satellite city known as Carondelet was established in 1767, although it never thrived.
The only Protestant church not to place its beginnings in rural Missouri was the Episcopal Church, which organized its first congregation in St. Louis in 1819. [77] The early Baptist church in Missouri had its origins in the ministry of John Mason Peck and James E. Welch, who were sent to the territory by the Baptist Board of Foreign Missions. [78]