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Germany, [e] officially the Federal Republic of Germany, [f] is a country in Central Europe.It lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen constituent states have a total population of over 82 million in an area of 357,596 km 2 (138,069 sq mi), making it the most populous member state of the European Union.
Germany and the United Kingdom signed the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty, under which Germany renounced its claims over Zanzibar in exchange for the strategic island of Heligoland. [39] 1891: The Pan-German League was established. 1892: Rudolf Diesel invented the Diesel engine. 1896: 3 January
By 1900, Germany was the dominant power on the European continent and its rapidly expanding industry had surpassed Britain's while provoking it in a naval arms race. Germany led the Central Powers in World War I, but was defeated, partly occupied, forced to pay war reparations, and stripped of its colonies and significant territory along its ...
The majority of Germany is covered by either arable land (33%) or forestry and woodland (31%). Only 15% is covered by permanent pastures. The plants and animals of Germany are those generally common to central Europe. Beeches, oaks, and other deciduous trees constitute one-third of the forests; conifers are increasing as a result of reforestation.
The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History (2011), 862 pp; 35 essays by specialists; Germany since 1760 excerpt; Wilson, Peter H. Europe's Tragedy: A New History of the Thirty Years War (2009) Wunder, Heide. He is the sun, she is the moon: Women in early modern Germany (Harvard UP, 1998).
Economy of Germany Germany was the third largest exporter in 2017. In absolute terms, Germany allocates the second biggest annual budget of development aid in the world, [4] while its military expenditure ranked sixth. [5] The country has developed a high standard of living and established a comprehensive system of social security.
The culture of Germany has been shaped by major intellectual and popular currents in Europe, both religious and secular. German culture originated with the Germanic tribes , the earliest evidence of Germanic culture dates to the Jastorf culture in Northern Germany and Denmark .
in Europe (dark grey) Show globe Location of West Germany (dark green) in Europe (dark grey) Show map of Europe Territory of West Germany Lands of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), claimed by West Germany until 1973 Lands of pre-1937 Germany that were annexed by Poland and the Soviet Union after World War II, claimed by West Germany until 1972 Show territorial claims Capital Bonn ...
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