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Iraq remained a co-belligerent state of the Axis Powers and ally of Nazi Germany until it fought against the United Kingdom during the Anglo-Iraqi War in May 1941, which resulted in the downfall of Ali's government, the reoccupation of Iraq by the British Empire and the restoration to power of the Regent of Iraq, Prince 'Abd al-Ilah, who was ...
Some saw Nazi Germany as an ally that could help establish an independent Kurdistan due to Nazi Germany hostilities against British and French forces in the Middle East while others fought along allied forces both within the Middle East theatre of World War II and Europe, notably with British and Soviet forces in a variety of military roles.
The Free Arabian Legion (German: Legion Freies Arabien; Arabic: جيش بلاد العرب الحرة, romanized: Jaysh bilād al-ʿarab al-ḥurraẗ) was the collective name of several Nazi German units formed from Arab volunteers from the Middle East, notably Iraq, and North Africa during World War II.
Britain and France declared war on Germany and World War II in Europe began. [6] [7] Having established a "Rome-Berlin axis" with Benito Mussolini, and signing the Anti-Comintern Pact with Japan – which was joined by Italy a year later in 1937 – Hitler felt able to take the offensive in foreign policy. On 12 March 1938, German troops ...
The 1941 Iraqi coup d'état (Arabic: ثورة رشيد عالي الكيلاني, Thawrah Rašīd ʿAlī al-Kaylānī), also called the Rashid Ali Al-Gaylani coup or the Golden Square coup, was a nationalist coup d'état in Iraq on 1 April 1941 [1] that overthrew the pro-British regime of Regent 'Abd al-Ilah and his Prime Minister Nuri al-Said and installed Rashid Ali al-Gaylani as Prime Minister.
On the 1st of April 1941, Rashid Ali and members of the "Golden Square" led a coup d'état in Iraq.During the time leading up to the coup, Rashid Ali's supporters had been informed that Germany was willing to recognize the independence of Iraq from the British Empire; there had also been discussions on sending matériel to support the Iraqis and other Arab factions in fighting the British.
Following the independence of Iraq, France maintained formal relations with the Iraqi Kingdom, even the governments coming in result of coup.At the turn of the 1940s, the occupation of France and establishment of Vichy France during World War II forced the French government into exile, as well as another Iraqi coup lead to a pro-German regime [5] that put the two governments in conflict.
The Anglo-Iraqi War was a British-led Allied military campaign during the Second World War against the Kingdom of Iraq, then ruled by Rashid Ali al-Gaylani who had seized power in the 1941 Iraqi coup d'état with assistance from Germany and Italy.