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The 5' end has a 5' carbon attached to a phosphate, and the other end, the 3' end, has a 3' carbon attached to a hydroxyl group. In chemistry, a phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups (−OH) in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds.
An ester of carboxylic acid. R stands for any group (organic or inorganic) and R′ stands for organyl group. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (−R).
An ester of a carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (typically hydrogen or organyl) and R ′ stands for any organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (R ′). [1]
A carbon–oxygen bond is a polar covalent bond between atoms of carbon and oxygen. [1] [2] [3]: 16–22 Carbon–oxygen bonds are found in many inorganic compounds such as carbon oxides and oxohalides, carbonates and metal carbonyls, [4] and in organic compounds such as alcohols, ethers, and carbonyl compounds.
In a thionoester, sulfur replaces the carbonyl oxygen in an ester. Methyl thionobenzoate is C 6 H 5 C(S)OCH 3. Such compounds are typically prepared by the reaction of the thioacyl chloride with an alcohol. [16] They can also be made by the reaction of Lawesson's reagent with esters or by treating pinner salts with hydrogen sulfide.
6.1 Category:EC 6.1 (form carbon–oxygen bonds) 6.2 ... 6.5 Category:EC 6.5 (form phosphoric ester bonds) 6.6 ... (act on iron–sulfur proteins as donors ...
4.1 EC 6.4.1: Ligases that form carbon-carbon bonds (only sub-subclass identified to date) 5 EC 6.5: Forming Phosphoric Ester Bonds Toggle EC 6.5: Forming Phosphoric Ester Bonds subsection
However, additional molecular interactions may render the amide form less stable; the amino group is expelled instead, resulting in an ester (Ser/Thr) or thioester (Cys) bond in place of the peptide bond. This chemical reaction is called an N-O acyl shift. The ester/thioester bond can be resolved in several ways: