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The concept of street-level bureaucracy was popularized by Michael Lipsky in 1980. He argued that "policy implementation in the end comes down to the people who actually implement it". [ 2 ] He argued that state employees such as police and social workers should be seen as part of the "policy-making community" and as exercisers of political power .
The former HR manager, who left Google in 2020, said bureaucracy was to blame for Google's problems. This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Jordan Thibodeau, a former Google and ...
It refers to a spontaneous, unplanned work stoppage initiated by workers without the approval of the official union leadership. These strikes often occur in response to immediate grievances, such as working conditions, management decisions, or the enforcement of unpopular rules. [ 10 ]
Clifford Dwight Waldo (September 28, 1913 – October 27, 2000) was an American political scientist and major figure in modern public administration. [1] Waldo's career was often directed against a scientific/technical portrayal of bureaucracy and government that now suggests the term public management as opposed to public administration. [2]
Whether that mentality can work in the stodgy world of bureaucracy remains to be seen. Even less certain is whether Musk's role in the White House translates into serious budget cuts, or merely ...
Hummel's most famous work was the book The Bureaucratic Experience which went through five editions (1977, 1982, 1987, 1994, and 2008). The book contends that bureaucracy is dehumanizing; for example, it deals with cases instead of people, and it focuses on efficiency at the expense of other human values. [8]
"work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion", the number of workers within public administration, bureaucracy or officialdom tends to grow, regardless of the amount of work to be done. This was attributed mainly to two factors: that officials want subordinates, not rivals, and that officials make work for each other.
The term representative bureaucracy is generally attributed to J. Donald Kingsley's book titled Representative Bureaucracy that was published in 1944. In his book, Kingsley calls for a " liberalization of social class selection for the English bureaucracy," due to the "Dominance of social, political, and economic elites within the British bureaucracy" which he claimed resulted in programs and ...