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A nanowire is a nanostructure in the form of a wire with the diameter of the order of a nanometre (10 −9 m). More generally, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length.
Most types of molecular wires are derived from organic molecules. One naturally occurring molecular wire is DNA.Prominent inorganic examples include polymeric materials such as Li 2 Mo 6 Se 6 [1] and Mo 6 S 9−x I x, [2] [3] [4] [Pd 4 (CO) 4 (OAc) 4 Pd(acac) 2], [5] and single-molecule extended metal atom chains (EMACs) which comprise strings of transition metal atoms directly bonded to each ...
Silicon nanowires, also referred to as SiNWs, are a type of semiconductor nanowire most often formed from a silicon precursor by etching of a solid or through catalyzed growth from a vapor or liquid phase. Such nanowires have promising applications in lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectrics and sensors.
The carbon nanotube is an example of a quantum wire. A metallic single-walled carbon nanotube that is sufficiently short to exhibit no internal scattering (ballistic transport) has a conductance that approaches two times the conductance quantum, /. The factor of two arises because carbon nanotubes have two spatial channels.
Nanowires have been made from carbon nanotubes for a few years. Until a few years ago, transistors and nanowires were put together to produce the circuit. However, scientists have been able to produce a nanowire with transistors in it.
These particles are easily transferred to the substrate where they can nucleate and grow into nanowires. The laser-assisted growth technique is particularly useful for growing nanowires with high melting temperatures, multicomponent or doped nanowires, as well as nanowires with extremely high crystalline quality. The high intensity of the laser ...
For example, electron transistors, which involve transistor operation based on a single electron. Nanoelectromechanical systems also fall under this category. Nanofabrication can be used to construct ultradense parallel arrays of nanowires , as an alternative to synthesizing nanowires individually.
Another potential use involves capped single-crystal ZnO nanowires with CdSe quantum dots, immersed in mercaptopropionic acid as hole transport medium in order to obtain a QD-sensitized solar cell. The morphology of the nanowires allowed the electrons to have a direct pathway to the photoanode.