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Respiratory sounds, also known as lung sounds or breath sounds, are the specific sounds generated by the movement of air through the respiratory system. [1] These may be easily audible or identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields with a stethoscope as well as from the spectral characteristics of lung sounds. [2]
Cheyne–Stokes respiration is a breathing pattern consisting of alternating periods of rapid and slow breathing, which may result from a brain stem injury. [12] Cheyne-Stokes respiration may be observed in newborn babies, but this is occasionally physiological (normal). Chest retractions may be observed in patients with asthma.
Bronchophony may be caused by a solidification of lung tissue around the bronchi – which may indicate lung cancer – or by fluid in the alveoli, which may indicate pneumonia. However, it may also have benign causes, such as wide bronchi. As such, it is usually an indication for further investigation rather than the main basis of a diagnosis.
Normal resonance/ Resonant, the sound produced by percussing a normal chest. Impaired resonance (mass, consolidation) lower than normal percussion sounds. Dull (consolidation), similar to percussion of a mass such as a liver. Stony dull, the sounds produced on percussion from the pleximeter with no contribution from the underlying area.
Usually spoken sounds of a whispered volume by the patient would not be heard by the clinician auscultating a lung field with a stethoscope. However, in areas of the lung where there is lung consolidation, these whispered spoken sounds by the patient (such as saying 'ninety-nine') will be clearly heard through the stethoscope. This increase in ...
Fine crackles are soft, high-pitched, and very brief. This sound can be simulated by rolling a strand of hair between one's fingers near the ears or by moistening one's thumb and index finger and separating them near the ears. Their presence usually indicates an interstitial process, such as pulmonary fibrosis or congestive heart failure.
In medicine, Imaging Lung Sound Behavior with Vibration Response Imaging (VRI) is a novelty computer-based technology that takes the concept of the stethoscope to a more progressive level. Since the invention of the stethoscope by René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec France in 1816 , physicians have been utilizing lung sounds to diagnose various ...
Korotkov described 5 sounds. Only the first (the onset of audible sound, and corresponding to systolic pressure) and the fifth (sound becomes inaudible, corresponding to diastolic pressure) are of practical clinical significance (however, see:Auscultatory gap) Kussmaul breathing [5] Adolph Kussmaul: endocrinology: metabolic acidosis