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Seal of Germantown, 1691 Pictures from Old Germantown: the Pastorius family residences are shown on the upper left (c. 1683) and upper right (c. 1715), the center structure is the house and printing business of the Caurs family (ca. 1735), and the bottom structure is the market place (c. 1820).
In Germantown, two of the Op den Graeff brothers, Derick and Abraham, signed along Francis Daniel Pastorius and Gerrit Hendricksz the first organized religious petition against slavery in the colonies, the 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery. Abraham op den Graeff was the only one of the three brothers who had descendants.
Philadelphia, especially its Germantown section, was a center of the 19th-century American movement to abolish slavery, and the Johnson House was one of the key sites of that movement. Between 1770 and 1908, the house was the residence of five generations of the Johnson family.
The Op den Graeff family were originally Mennonites. [3] William Penn talks to the (later) founders of Germantown, Pennsylvania. Quaker missionary work in the lower and middle Rhine River valley during the 1660s resulted in the conversion of a number of Mennonites in and around Krefeld. Among these converts were Derick op den Graeff and his family.
Settlement in the Germantown area began, at the invitation of William Penn, in 1683 by Nederlanders and Germans under the leadership of Francis Daniel Pastorius fleeing religious persecution. [2] [4] [5] Colonial Germantown was a leader in religious thought, printing, and education. Important dates in Germantown's early history include: [6]
No other German family was as deeply involved in the conflict as the Op den Graeffs. [18] In 1692 Derick op den Graeff was one of the town's six "committeemen", and in 1693-1694 he was the bailiff [3] or chief executive (burgomaster). [8] He was a member of the Germantown Quaker meeting. He died without progeny in 1697. [8]
Germantown Township occupied the area known as the Germantown Tract surveyed by Thomas Holmes in 1683, [1] and depicted on his map of about 1687. The survey was prepared for Francis Daniel Pastorius, agent for the Frankfurt Land Company, and 13 German families, known as the "Original Thirteen Families", from Krefeld, Germany and nearby areas.
Francis Daniel Pastorius (September 26, 1651— c. 1720 [1]: xii, 286 ) was a German-born educator, lawyer, poet, and public official.He was the founder of Germantown, Pennsylvania, now part of Philadelphia, the first permanent German-American settlement and the gateway for subsequent emigrants from Germany.
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