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Voriconazole, sold under the brand name Vfend among others, is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. [5] This includes aspergillosis , candidiasis , coccidioidomycosis , histoplasmosis , penicilliosis , and infections by Scedosporium or Fusarium . [ 5 ]
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a branch of clinical chemistry and clinical pharmacology that specializes in the measurement of medication levels in blood. Its main focus is on drugs with a narrow therapeutic range , i.e. drugs that can easily be under- or overdosed. [ 1 ]
In chemistry, thiadiazoles are a sub-family of azole compounds, with the name thiadiazole originating from the Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature.Structurally, they are five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing one sulfur and two nitrogen atoms.
Second-generation triazoles, including voriconazole, posaconazole and ravuconazole, are more potent and more active against resistant pathogens. [ 2 ] For wood preservation , other azoles such as propiconazole , tebuconazole and cyproconazole , are used as antifungal agents in several wood products or structures, with or without the addition of ...
Itraconazole has a broader spectrum of activity than fluconazole (but not as broad as voriconazole or posaconazole). In particular, it is active against Aspergillus, which fluconazole is not. The mechanism of action of itraconazole is the same as the other azole antifungals: it inhibits the fungal-mediated synthesis of ergosterol .
[3] [4] [5] It may also have application in treating invasive Aspergillus infection when used in combination with voriconazole. [6] It is a member of the class of antifungal drugs known as the echinocandins; its mechanism of action is by inhibition of (1→3)-β-D-glucan synthase, an enzyme important to the synthesis of the fungal cell wall. [7]
Itraconazole, sometimes abbreviated ITZ, is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. [7] This includes aspergillosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. [7]
The use of a drug of last resort may be based on agreement among members of a patient's care network, including physicians and healthcare professionals across multiple specialties, or on a patient's desire to pursue a particular course of treatment and a practitioner's willingness to administer that course.