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Glycine (symbol Gly or G; [6] / ˈ ɡ l aɪ s iː n / ⓘ) [7] is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is the simplest stable amino acid ( carbamic acid is unstable). Glycine is one of the proteinogenic amino acids .
It has been suggested, on the basis of theoretical analysis, that the zwitterion is stabilized in aqueous solution by hydrogen bonding with solvent water molecules. [4] Analysis of neutron diffraction data for glycine showed that it was in the zwitterionic form in the solid state and confirmed the presence of hydrogen bonds. [5]
In glycine the pK values are separated by nearly 7 units. Thus in the gas phase, the concentration of the neutral species, glycine (GlyH), is effectively 100% of the analytical glycine concentration. [6] Glycine may exist as a zwitterion at the isoelectric point, but the equilibrium constant for the isomerization reaction in solution
Peptides can adopt different conformations—cationic, zwitterionic, or anionic—depending on the solvent and pH. The zwitterionic form of Gly-Met is particularly important as it is responsible for the formation of sulfur-centered radicals. [3] This same mechanism can cause similar damage in proteins.
The propteries of glycine are described under the heading "Polar, Uncharged Amino Acids", in Garret and Grisham's Principles of Biochemistry: With a Human Focus ISBN 0-03-097369-4. "The polar, uncharged amino acids except for glycine contain R groups, that can form hydrogen bonds with water.
The electrolyte most frequently used is an SDS-containing Tris-glycine-chloride buffer system. At neutral pH, glycine predominantly forms the zwitterionic form, at high pH the glycines lose positive charges and become predominantly anionic. In the collection gel, the smaller, negatively charged chloride ions migrate in front of the proteins (as ...
L-Serine (left) and D-serine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH. This compound is one of the proteinogenic amino acids. Only the L-stereoisomer appears naturally in proteins. It is not essential to the human diet, since it is synthesized in the body from other metabolites, including glycine.
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