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The Achnacarry Agreement or "As-Is Agreement" was an early attempt to restrict petroleum production, signed in Scotland on 17 September 1928. [1] The discovery of the East Texas Oil Field in the 1930s led to a boom in production that caused prices to fall, leading the Railroad Commission of Texas to control production.
The "oil shock" provided considerable impetus to the American nuclear industry as a way to achieve "energy independence" from the Middle East. [119] On 7 November 1973, Nixon in an address to Congress called for Project Independence to make the United States self-sufficient in energy by 1980, which called for a massive investment in the nuclear ...
Nineteen percent of imported oil came from the Middle East. [8] The fraction of crude oil consumed in the US that was imported went from 35% immediately before the 1973 oil crisis, peaked at 60% in 2005, and then returned to 35% by 2013 [9] thanks to increased domestic production [10] from the shale oil boom. [11]
The oil crises prompted the first shift towards energy-saving (in particular, fossil fuel-saving) technologies. [5] The major industrial centers of the world were forced to contend with escalating issues related to petroleum supply. Western countries relied on the resources of countries in the Middle East and other parts of the world.
Maryland finally ratified the Articles on February 2, 1781. Congress was informed of Maryland's assent on March 1, and officially proclaimed the Articles of Confederation to be the law of the land. [11] [13] [14] The several states ratified the Articles of Confederation on the following dates: [15]
Oil prices tripled after 2002, peaking at $147 in July 2008, about $4 a gallon; the price has continued to fluctuate widely. [107] The theme of "energy independence" led to legislation mandating more fuel efficient autos—even electric vehicles—and more efficient use of energy, ranging from insulation to new light bulbs. Even worse than the ...
Chronological Table of Middle East History Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine accessed on 9 September 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica; Wilks, Ann. "The 1922 Anglo-Iraq Treaty: A Moment of Crisis and the Role of Britain’s Man on the Ground." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 43.3 (2016): 342-359.
The Oil Kings: How the U.S., Iran, and Saudi Arabia Changed the Balance of Power in the Middle East is a 2011 book by Andrew Scott Cooper, published by Simon and Schuster. It documents the relationships between the United States , Iran , and Saudi Arabia in the mid-20th century energy industry .