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The Dacians (/ ˈ d eɪ ʃ ən z /; Latin: Daci; Ancient Greek: Δάκοι, [1] Δάοι, [1] Δάκαι [2]) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.
The hold of the Dacians between the Danube and the Tisza was tenuous. [11] However, the archaeologist Parducz argued for a Dacian presence west of the Tisa dating from the time of Burebista. [12] According to Tacitus (AD 56–117) Dacians bordered Germania in the south-east, while Sarmatians bordered it in the east. [13]
A fourth road, subsequent to Trajan, crossed the Carpathians and entered Transylvania from the Turnu Roșu pass. The Dacians in the Roman territories adopted the religion and language of the conquerors and the present Romanian language is a Romance language confirming an early Romanization of these territories. [41]
A population of Dacians existed on the fringes of the Balkan Roman provinces, especially in the eastern Carpathian Mountains, at least until about AD 340. They were responsible for a series of incursions into Roman Dacia in the period AD 120-272, and into the Roman Empire south of the Danube after the province of Dacia was abandoned by the ...
These peoples dwelt from west of the Tyras river and east of the Carpathian Mountains in the north, to the north coast of the Aegean Sea in the south, from the west coast of the Pontus Euxinus in the east, to roughly the Angrus (modern South Morava) river basin, Tisia (modern Tisza) and Danubius (modern Danube) rivers in the west.
The Dacians were located in the Carpatho-Danubian basin along the southern border of the Carpathian Mountains. [3] [4] This relative geographic isolation allowed the Dacians to survive catastrophic struggles – often with the Getae – and thrive to become the dominant tribe by the 1st century BC. [4]
Dacian towns and fortresses with the dava ending, covering Dacia, Moesia, Thrace and Dalmatia. This is a list of ancient Dacian towns and fortresses from all the territories once inhabited by Dacians, Getae and Moesi.
In particular, they see the first element of their name as a corruption of coto-, a Celtic root meaning "old" or "crooked" (cf. Cotini, an eastern Celtic tribe in the same Carpathian region; Cottius, a king of the Celtic Taurini in the western Alps. One Pliny manuscript variant of the name Costoboci is Cotoboci). However, Faliyeyev argues that ...