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The first mention of the reserve army of labour in Marx's writing occurs in a manuscript he wrote in 1847, but did not publish: Big industry constantly requires a reserve army of unemployed workers for times of overproduction. The main purpose of the bourgeois in relation to the worker is, of course, to have the commodity labour as cheaply as ...
Instead he described the lumpenproletariat as part of the what he called an "industrial reserve army", which capitalists used as times required. Thus "vagabonds, criminals, prostitutes" and other lumpenproletariat formed an element within the "surplus population" in a capitalist system. [37]
The reserve components of the United States Armed Forces are military organizations whose members generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full-time) military when necessary. The reserve components are also referred to collectively as the National Guard and Reserve. [1] [2]
On 23 April 1908 Congress created the Medical Reserve Corps, the official predecessor of the Army Reserve. [3] After World War I, under the National Defense Act of 1920, Congress reorganized the U.S. land forces by authorizing a Regular Army, a National Guard and an Organized Reserve (Officers Reserve Corps and Enlisted Reserve Corps) of unrestricted size, which later became the Army Reserve. [4]
A military reserve force is a military organization whose members have military and civilian occupations. They are not normally kept under arms , and their main role is to be available when their military requires additional manpower. [ 1 ]
The U.S. Army's IRR SSI worn by Army Reservists in the IRR that are not formally assigned to a particular unit or cadre personnel that run the IRR program.. The Individual Ready Reserve (IRR) is a category of the Ready Reserve of the Reserve Component of the Armed Forces of the United States composed of former active duty or reserve military personnel.
A regular army is the official army of a state or country (the official armed forces), contrasting with irregular forces, such as volunteer irregular militias, private armies, mercenaries, etc. A regular army usually has the following: a standing army, the permanent force of the regular army that is maintained under arms during peacetime.
The Ready Reserve is a U.S. Department of Defense program which maintains a pool of trained service members that may be recalled to active duty should the need arise. It is composed of service members that are contracted to serve in the Ready Reserve for a specified period of time as a reservist or in active duty status.