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With some motherboards, users must enable Intel's VT-x feature in the BIOS setup before applications can make use of it. [23] Intel started to include Extended Page Tables (EPT), [24] a technology for page-table virtualization, [25] since the Nehalem architecture, [26] [27] released in 2008.
The vast majority of Intel server chips of the Xeon E3, Xeon E5, and Xeon E7 product lines support VT-d. The first—and least powerful—Xeon to support VT-d was the E5502 launched Q1'09 with two cores at 1.86 GHz on a 45 nm process. [2]
Intel Active Management Technology (AMT) is hardware-based technology built into PCs with Intel vPro technology.AMT is designed to help sys-admins remotely manage and secure PCs out-of-band when PC power is off, the operating system (OS) is unavailable (hung, crashed, corrupted, missing), software management agents are missing, or hardware (such as a hard disk drive or memory) has failed.
In virtualization, guest operating systems can use hardware that is not specifically made for virtualization. Higher performance hardware such as graphics cards use DMA to access memory directly; in a virtual environment all memory addresses are re-mapped by the virtual machine software, which causes DMA devices to fail.
After the motherboard BIOS completes its POST, most BIOS versions search for option ROM modules, also called BIOS extension ROMs, and execute them. The motherboard BIOS scans for extension ROMs in a portion of the " upper memory area " (the part of the x86 real-mode address space at and above address 0xA0000) and runs each ROM found, in order.
Intel and AMD have introduced features to their x86 processors to enable virtualization in hardware. As well as virtualization of the resources of a single machine, multiple independent nodes in a cluster can be combined and accessed as a single virtual NUMA machine. [4]
Hyper-V uses the VT-x on Intel or AMD-V on AMD x86 virtualization. Since Hyper-V is a native hypervisor, as long as it is installed, third-party software cannot use VT-x or AMD-V. For instance, the Intel HAXM Android device emulator (used by Android Studio or Microsoft Visual Studio) cannot run while Hyper-V is installed. [43]
coreboot, formerly known as LinuxBIOS, [5] is a software project aimed at replacing proprietary firmware (BIOS or UEFI) found in most computers with a lightweight firmware designed to perform only the minimum number of tasks necessary to load and run a modern 32-bit or 64-bit operating system.