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In 1975 Ed Long [1] in cooperation with Ronald J. Wickersham invented the first technique to Time-Align a loudspeaker systems. In 1976 Long presented "A Time-Align Technique for Loudspeakers System Design" [2] at the 54th AES convention demonstrating the use of the Time-Align generator to design improved crossover networks for multi-way loudspeakers systems.
DAF usage (with a 175 ms delay) has been shown to induce mental stress. [ 2 ] It is a type of altered auditory feedback that—along with frequency-altered feedback and white noise masking—is used to treat stuttering ; it has also demonstrated interesting discoveries about the auditory feedback system when used with non-stuttering individuals.
The group delay and phase delay properties of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system are functions of frequency, giving the time from when a frequency component of a time varying physical quantity—for example a voltage signal—appears at the LTI system input, to the time when a copy of that same frequency component—perhaps of a different physical phenomenon—appears at the LTI system output.
Crossfeed is the process of blending the left and right channels of a stereo audio recording. It is generally used to reduce the extreme channel separation often featured in early stereo recordings (e.g., where instruments are panned entirely on one side or the other), or to make audio played through headphones sound more natural, as when listening to a pair of external speakers.
Latency refers to a short period of delay (usually measured in milliseconds) between when an audio signal enters a system, and when it emerges.Potential contributors to latency in an audio system include analog-to-digital conversion, buffering, digital signal processing, transmission time, digital-to-analog conversion, and the speed of sound in the transmission medium.
While a loudspeaker must use a relatively large (often 15" or 18") speaker driver to reproduce low frequencies, headphones can accurately reproduce bass and sub-bass frequencies with speaker drivers only 40-50 millimeters wide (or much smaller, as is the case with in-ear monitor headphones). Headphones' impressive low-frequency performance is ...
Bass reflex enclosure schematic (cross-section). RCA bass reflex shelf stereo speakers.. A bass reflex system (also known as a ported, vented box or reflex port) is a type of loudspeaker enclosure that uses a port (hole) or vent cut into the cabinet and a section of tubing or pipe affixed to the port.
Adaptive noise cancelling is a signal processing technique that is highly effective in suppressing additive interference or noise corrupting a received target signal at the main or primary sensor in certain common situations where the interference is known and is accessible but unavoidable and where the target signal and the interference are unrelated, that is, uncorrelated [1] [2] [3].