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PostgreSQL (/ ˌ p oʊ s t ɡ r ɛ s k j u ˈ ɛ l / POHST-gres-kew-EL) [11] [12] also known as Postgres, is a free and open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) emphasizing extensibility and SQL compliance.
In the context of SQL, data definition or data description language (DDL) is a syntax for creating and modifying database objects such as tables, indices, and users. DDL statements are similar to a computer programming language for defining data structures, especially database schemas. Common examples of DDL statements include CREATE, ALTER ...
PostgreSQL: PostgreSQL License Postgres Plus Advanced Server: Proprietary Progress Software: Proprietary R:Base: Proprietary RethinkDB: Apache License 2.0 SAND CDBMS: Proprietary SAP HANA: Proprietary SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise: Proprietary SAP IQ (formerly known as Sybase IQ) Proprietary SingleStore: Proprietary Snowflake Cloud Data ...
Update database and/or update model No Navicat Data Modeler Conceptual, Logical & Physical IE (Crow’s foot) Yes Yes Update database and/or update model No NORMA Object-Role modeling Conceptual (ORM), Logical, Physical ORM, Relational(Crow’s foot option), Barker Yes Yes Update database and/or update model No Open ModelSphere
Major DBMSs, including SQLite, [5] MySQL, [6] Oracle, [7] IBM Db2, [8] Microsoft SQL Server [9] and PostgreSQL [10] support prepared statements. Prepared statements are normally executed through a non-SQL binary protocol for efficiency and protection from SQL injection, but with some DBMSs such as MySQL prepared statements are also available using a SQL syntax for debugging purposes.
SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce after learning about the relational model from Edgar F. Codd [12] in the early 1970s. [13] This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasirelational database management system, System R, which a group at IBM San ...
Connolly and Begg define database management system (DBMS) as a "software system that enables users to define, create, maintain and control access to the database." [24] Examples of DBMS's include MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database, and Microsoft Access.
An object–relational database (ORD), or object–relational database management system (ORDBMS), is a database management system (DBMS) similar to a relational database, but with an object-oriented database model: objects, classes and inheritance are directly supported in database schemas and in the query language.