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A quad antenna is a self-resonant loop in a square shape; this one also includes a parasitic element.. Loop antennas may be in the shape of a circle, a square, or any other closed geometric shape that allows the total perimeter to be slightly more than one wavelength.
In classical electromagnetism, Ampère's circuital law (not to be confused with Ampère's force law) [1] relates the circulation of a magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop. James Clerk Maxwell derived it using hydrodynamics in his 1861 published paper "On Physical Lines of Force". [2]
Loop antenna - a coil which serves as a radio antenna, to convert radio waves to electric currents. Rogowski coil - a toroidal coil used as an AC measuring device; Musical instrument pickup - a coil used to produce the output audio signal in an electric guitar or electric bass. Flux gate - a sensor coil used in a magnetometer
Thus, a depiction of the field around a loop of flux (as would be produced in a toroidal inductor) is qualitatively the same as the field around a loop of current. The figure to the right is an artist's depiction of the field. The thicker lines indicate paths of higher average intensity (shorter paths have higher intensity so that the path ...
Maxwell added displacement current to the electric current term in Ampère's circuital law. In his 1865 paper A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field Maxwell used this amended version of Ampère's circuital law to derive the electromagnetic wave equation. This derivation is now generally accepted as a historical landmark in physics by ...
In three dimensions, the derivative has a special structure allowing the introduction of a cross product: = + = + from which it is easily seen that Gauss's law is the scalar part, the Ampère–Maxwell law is the vector part, Faraday's law is the pseudovector part, and Gauss's law for magnetism is the pseudoscalar part of the equation.
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A Helmholtz pair consists of two identical circular magnetic coils that are placed symmetrically along a common axis, one on each side of the experimental area, and separated by a distance equal to the radius of the coil. Each coil carries an equal electric current in the same direction. [1]