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Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien (Jawi: عمر علي سيف الدين سعد الخير والدين ; 23 September 1914 – 7 September 1986) was the 28th Sultan of Brunei, reigning from 1950 until his abdication in 1967 to his oldest son, Hassanal Bolkiah.
The Sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei. [1] Since independence from the British in 1984, only one sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century. [ 2 ]
The eldest son of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Damit, he is the 29th sultan to ascend to the Bruneian throne, following the abdication of his father in 1967. The sultan has been ranked among the wealthiest individuals in the world.
Hassanal Bolkiah ascended the Throne as the 29th Sultan of Brunei on 5 October 1967 after following the voluntary abdication of his father, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Saadul Khairi Waddien. [2] The Sultan had celebrated his Silver Jubilee to mark the 25th year of his reign on the Throne on 5 October 1992.
Istana Darussalam is located on the banks of the Kedayan River, [5] is an illustration of the finest indigenous Malay structure of the time. It was first constructed from wood in 1947, and later, concrete was used to replace certain wooden pillars and beams.
Mariam became the second wife of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah in a secret ceremony on 28 October 1981. Her marriage to the Sultan was initially met with strong disapproval from the Sultan's father, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III, primarily because Mariam was a commoner of mixed heritage and not of pure Malay descent.
The marriage of Princess Rashidah and her will-be husband, Pengiran Maharaja Setia Laila Diraja Shahibul Irshad Pengiran Anak Haji Abdul Rahim, [3] was broadcast to the public via Radio Television Brunei (RTB), and the celebration followed the Malay Muslim Monarchy philosophy.
Thus, Sultan Muhammad Shah's conversion likely occurred between 1514 and 1515, challenging earlier assumptions about an earlier Muslim leadership in Brunei. [23] The early history of Brunei is complex, characterised by discrepancies between Chinese sources and local Bruneian accounts such as the Salasilah Raja-Raja Brunei.