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The Young Offenders Act (YOA; French: Loi sur les jeunes contrevenants) was an act of the Parliament of Canada, granted Royal Assent in 1982 and proclaimed in force on April 2, 1984, that regulated the criminal prosecution of Canadian youths. [1] The act was repealed in 2003 with the passing of the Youth Criminal Justice Act.
Dömötör-Kolompár criminal organization – Hungarian crime family that ran a human trafficking syndicate, lasting until 2010. Dubois Brothers – French-Canadian crime group in Montreal that was active up until the 1980s. Heritage Front – Canadian neo-Nazi [222] white supremacist organization founded in 1989 and disbanded around 2005. [223]
While comparing the Youth Offenders Act to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, the former focuses more on a youth's choice to retain counsel and the role of lawyers in the criminal justice system. In terms of the JDA, more focus was placed on a youth being viewed as a misguided individual who required guidance from the courts.
Indo-Canadian organized crime is made up predominantly of young adults and teenagers of Indian ethnic, cultural and linguistic background. Collectively, these groups are among the top 5 major homegrown organized crime hierarchy across the nation in Canada coming in 3rd place, after the Asian Triads and White biker gangs. [4]
Incarceration in Canada is one of the main forms of punishment, rehabilitation, or both, for the commission of an indictable offense and other offenses.. According to Statistics Canada, as of 2018/2019 there were a total of 37,854 adult offenders incarcerated in Canadian federal and provincial prisons on an average day for an incarceration rate of 127 per 100,000 population.
In 2017/2018, Indigenous youth made up 48% of incarcerated youth individuals in Canada, while representing about 8% of the Canadian youth population. [11] Indigenous females represent approximately 4% of the female population in Canada, [12] but make up 42% of the female federal inmate population. [13]
From 2014 to 2022, Canada's violent crime rate rose by 43.8% to 434 with 1 violent crime per 100,000 people. In the U.S, the increase was 5.3% to 380 with 7 per 100,000 people. Property crimes in Canada stood at a rate of 2,491 per 100,000 people in 2022, a 7.0% increase since 2014, while U.S. property crimes fell by 24.1%.
The Juvenile Delinquents Act (French: Loi sur les jeunes délinquants), SC 1908, c 40 was a law passed by the Parliament of Canada to improve its handling of juvenile crime. The act established procedures for the handling of juvenile offenses, including the government assuming control of juvenile offenders.