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The std::string type is the main string datatype in standard C++ since 1998, but it was not always part of C++. From C, C++ inherited the convention of using null-terminated strings that are handled by a pointer to their first element, and a library of functions that manipulate such strings.
The number of indices needed to specify an element is called the dimension, dimensionality, or rank of the array type. (This nomenclature conflicts with the concept of dimension in linear algebra, which expresses the shape of a matrix. Thus, an array of numbers with 5 rows and 4 columns, hence 20 elements, is said to have dimension 2 in ...
For "one-dimensional" (single-indexed) arrays – vectors, sequences, strings etc. – the most common slicing operation is extraction of zero or more consecutive elements. If we have a vector containing elements (2, 5, 7, 3, 8, 6, 4, 1), and want to create an array slice from the 3rd to the 6th elements, we get (7, 3, 8, 6).
Memory is far larger now, such that if the addition of 3 (or 16, or more) bytes to each string is a real problem the software will have to be dealing with so many small strings that some other storage method will save even more memory (for instance there may be so many duplicates that a hash table will use less memory). Examples include the C++ ...
The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number. The C++ Standard Library also ...
Function rank is an important concept to array programming languages in general, by analogy to tensor rank in mathematics: functions that operate on data may be classified by the number of dimensions they act on. Ordinary multiplication, for example, is a scalar ranked function because it operates on zero-dimensional data (individual numbers).
A typical vector implementation consists, internally, of a pointer to a dynamically allocated array, [1] and possibly data members holding the capacity and size of the vector. The size of the vector refers to the actual number of elements, while the capacity refers to the size of the internal array.
This page was last edited on 24 June 2014, at 02:53 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may ...