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[13] The term "tokamak" was coined in 1957 [14] by Igor Golovin, a student of academician Igor Kurchatov.It originally sounded like "tokamag" ("токамаг") — an acronym of the words "toroidal chamber magnetic" ("тороидальная камера магнитная"), but Natan Yavlinsky, the author of the first toroidal system, proposed replacing "-mag" with "-mak" for euphony. [15]
He shows that the associated complementary electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetism travel through space, in the form of waves, at a constant velocity of 3.0 × 10 8 m/s. He also proposes that light is a form of electromagnetic radiation and that waves of oscillating electric and magnetic fields travel through empty space at a speed ...
The discovery of the principle of the reversibility of the dynamo electric machine (variously attributed to Walenn 1860; Pacinotti 1864; Fontaine, Gramme 1873; Deprez 1881, and others) whereby it may be used as an electric motor or as a generator of electricity has been termed one of the greatest discoveries of the 19th century. [11]
Michael Faraday was born on 22 September 1791 in Newington Butts, [8] Surrey, which is now part of the London Borough of Southwark. [9] His family was not well off. His father, James, was a member of the Glasite sect of Christianity.
Electricity generation by source and country in 2023 [1] Annual world electricity net generation [2] This is a list of countries and dependencies by annual electricity production. China is the world's largest electricity producing country, followed by the United States and India.
The 1200-ton motor generator sits on a 4800-short ton (4350 t) inertia block which rests on 60 springs to minimize earth tremors and is the centerpiece of the Pulsed Field Laboratory. The facility's magnets include a 60 Tesla long-pulse magnet (under repair) that is the most powerful controlled-pulse magnet in the world.
History [ edit ] After the discovery in the 1800s of Faraday's law of induction , which showed that an electromotive force could be generated by a changing magnetic field , several scientists speculated that this effect could be used to accelerate charged particles to high energies. [ 2 ]
35.4 T – the current (2009) world record for a superconducting electromagnet in a background magnetic field [19] 45 T – the current (2015) world record for continuous field magnets [19] 97.4 T – strongest magnetic field produced by a "non-destructive" magnet [20] 100 T – approximate magnetic field strength of a typical white dwarf star