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The gas flow is isentropic. The gas flow is constant. The gas flow is along a straight line from gas inlet to exhaust gas exit. The gas flow behavior is compressible. There are numerous applications where a steady, uniform, isentropic flow is a good approximation to the flow in conduits.
In fluid dynamics, an isentropic flow is a fluid flow that is both adiabatic and reversible. That is, no heat is added to the flow, and no energy transformations occur due to friction or dissipative effects. For an isentropic flow of a perfect gas, several relations can be derived to define the pressure, density and temperature along a streamline.
In the classical regime, expansions are smooth isentropic processes, while compressions occur through shock waves, which are discontinuities in the flow. If gas-dynamics is inverted, the opposite occurs, namely rarefaction shock waves are physically admissible and compressions occur through smooth isentropic processes. [24]
Point 3 labels the transition from isentropic to Fanno flow. Points 4 and 5 give the pre- and post-shock wave conditions, and point E is the exit from the duct. Figure 4 The H-S diagram is depicted for the conditions of Figure 3. Entropy is constant for isentropic flow, so the conditions at point 1 move down vertically to point 3.
The gas flow is isentropic; i.e., at constant entropy, as the result of the assumption of non-viscous fluid, and adiabatic process. The gas flow rate is constant (i.e., steady) during the period of the propellant burn. The gas flow is non-turbulent and axisymmetric from gas inlet to exhaust gas exit (i.e., along the nozzle's axis of symmetry).
The y-axis is some measure of flow, usually non-dimensional flow or corrected flow, but not actual flow. Sometimes, the axes of a turbine map are transposed, to be consistent with those of a compressor map. As in this case, a companion plot, showing the variation of isentropic (i.e. adiabatic) or polytropic efficiency, is often also included.
The analysis of gas flow through de Laval nozzles involves a number of concepts and assumptions: For simplicity, the gas is assumed to be an ideal gas. The gas flow is isentropic (i.e., at constant entropy). As a result, the flow is reversible (frictionless and no dissipative losses), and adiabatic (i.e., no heat enters or leaves the system).
For isentropic processes, the Cauchy number may be expressed in terms of Mach number. The isentropic bulk modulus K s = γ p {\displaystyle K_{s}=\gamma p} , where γ {\displaystyle \gamma } is the specific heat capacity ratio and p is the fluid pressure.
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