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Indexes are useful for many applications but come with some limitations. Consider the following SQL statement: SELECT first_name FROM people WHERE last_name = 'Smith';. To process this statement without an index the database software must look at the last_name column on every row in the table (this is known as a full table scan).
Each column in an SQL table declares the type(s) that column may contain. ANSI SQL includes the following data types. [14] Character strings and national character strings. CHARACTER(n) (or CHAR(n)): fixed-width n-character string, padded with spaces as needed; CHARACTER VARYING(n) (or VARCHAR(n)): variable-width string with a maximum size of n ...
A join clause in the Structured Query Language combines columns from one or more tables into a new table. The operation corresponds to a join operation in relational algebra . Informally, a join stitches two tables and puts on the same row records with matching fields : INNER , LEFT OUTER , RIGHT OUTER , FULL OUTER and CROSS .
A super column family is a NoSQL object that contains column families. It is a tuple (pair) that consists of a key–value pair, where the key is mapped to a value that are column families. [1] In analogy with relational databases, a super column family is something like a "view" on a number of tables. It can also be seen as a map of tables. [2]
A common table expression, or CTE, (in SQL) is a temporary named result set, derived from a simple query and defined within the execution scope of a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. CTEs can be thought of as alternatives to derived tables ( subquery ), views , and inline user-defined functions.
In relational databases a virtual column is a table column whose value(s) is automatically computed using other columns values, or another deterministic expression. Virtual columns are defined of SQL:2003 as Generated Column, [1] and are only implemented by some DBMSs, like MariaDB, SQL Server, Oracle, PostgreSQL, SQLite and Firebird (database server) (COMPUTED BY syntax).
The SQL SELECT statement returns a result set of rows, from one or more tables. [1] [2] A SELECT statement retrieves zero or more rows from one or more database tables or database views. In most applications, SELECT is the most commonly used data manipulation language (DML) command.
A variation is needed when some of the data from the source table is being inserted into the new table, but not the whole record. (Or when the tables' schemas are not the same.) INSERT INTO phone_book2 ( name , number ) SELECT name , number FROM phone_book WHERE name IN ( 'John Doe' , 'Peter Doe' )