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An axo-axonic synapse is a type of synapse, formed by one neuron projecting its axon terminals onto another neuron's axon. [ 1 ] Axo-axonic synapses have been found and described more recently than the other more familiar types of synapses, such as axo-dendritic synapses and axo-somatic synapses.
The three models explaining synaptic pruning are axon degeneration, axon retraction, and axon shedding. In all cases, the synapses are formed by a transient axon terminal, and synapse elimination is caused by the axon pruning. Each model offers a different method in which the axon is removed to delete the synapse.
The movement of the axons (and subsequently the Schwann cells) is guided by the growth cone, a filamentous projection of the axon that actively searches for neurotrophins released by the myotube. [33] The specific patterning of synapse development at the neuromuscular junction shows that the majority of muscles are innervated at their midpoints.
An axon can divide into many branches called telodendria (Greek for 'end of tree'). At the end of each telodendron is an axon terminal (also called a terminal bouton or synaptic bouton, or end-foot). [20] Axon terminals contain synaptic vesicles that store the neurotransmitter for release at the synapse. This makes multiple synaptic connections ...
Most neurons receive signals via the dendrites and soma and send out signals down the axon. At the majority of synapses, signals cross from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another. However, synapses can connect an axon to another axon or a dendrite to another dendrite. The signaling process is partly electrical and partly chemical.
Most synapses are axodendritic, involving an axon signaling to a dendrite. There are also dendrodendritic synapses , signaling from one dendrite to another. [ 6 ] An autapse is a synapse in which the axon of one neuron transmits signals to its own dendrite.
Axon terminals (also called terminal boutons, synaptic boutons, end-feet, or presynaptic terminals) are distal terminations of the branches of an axon. An axon, also called a nerve fiber, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses called action potentials away from the neuron's cell body to transmit those ...
Synthesis of the neurotransmitter. This can take place in the cell body, in the axon, or in the axon terminal. Eg. acetylcholine; Storage of the neurotransmitter in vesicles in the axon terminal. Before synaptic transmission there is a high concentration of Ca ions outside the axon terminals. Nerve impulse (depolarization) reaches the axon ...