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The amygdala, cerebellum, and many other brain regions have been implicated in autism. [15]Unlike some brain disorders which have clear molecular hallmarks that can be observed in every affected individual, such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease, autism does not have a unifying mechanism at the molecular, cellular, or systems level.
One of the important questions in sleep research is clearly defining the sleep state. This problem arises because sleep was traditionally defined as a state of consciousness and not as a physiological state, [14] [15] thus there was no clear definition of what minimum set of events constitute sleep and distinguish it from other states of partial or no consciousness.
A 2016 review concludes that enteric nervous system abnormalities might play a role in neurological disorders such as autism. Neural connections and the immune system are a pathway that may allow diseases originated in the intestine to spread to the brain. [293] Sleep problems affect about two-thirds of autistic people at some point in childhood.
The movements continue while the child is awake but disappear during sleep. [5] Breathing irregularities such as episodes of apnea and hyperventilation may occur, although breathing usually improves during sleep. [5] Some girls also display autistic-like symptoms such as loss of social interaction and communication. [5]
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders is a peer-reviewed medical journal published monthly by Elsevier. It covers applied topics pertaining to autism spectrum disorders. Since the spring of 2023, the editor-in-chief is David Beversdorf (University of Missouri). According to the Journal Citation Reports, in 2012 the journal had an impact factor ...
A common presentation of sleep apnea in children with autism is insomnia. [67] All known genetic syndromes which are linked to autism have a high prevalence of sleep apnea. The prevalence of sleep apnea in Down's Syndrome is 50% - 100%. [68] Sleep problems and OSA in this population have been linked to language development. [69]
Further research has revealed that the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway is crucial to long-term memory. If PKA or protein synthesis inhibition occurs at certain moments during sleep, memory consolidation can be disrupted [citation needed]. In addition, mice with genetic inhibition of PKA have been shown to have long-term memory deficits ...
The Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, or SFARI for short, is a research program established in 2005 by the Simons Foundation, which focuses on all aspects of autism research. Its director is Kelsey Martin. [1] The organization has funded more than $200 million in autism research to 150 different investigators since 2007. [2]