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Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication.It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds.
Cultural competence, also known as intercultural competence, is a range of cognitive, affective, behavioral, and linguistic skills that lead to effective and appropriate communication with people of other cultures. Intercultural or cross-cultural education are terms used for the training to achieve cultural competence.
Identity management theory (also frequently referred to as IMT) is an intercultural communication theory from the 1990s. It was developed by William R. Cupach and Tadasu Todd Imahori on the basis of Erving Goffman's Interaction ritual: Essays on face-to-face behavior (1967).
A model of ICC (or IC) widely accepted in foreign language education has been proposed by Byram. [2] This model includes five components, all of which are needed for a student to become an "intercultural speaker": attitudes: curiosity and openness, readiness to suspend disbelief about other cultures and belief about one's own.
Bennett's initial idea was for trainers to utilize the model to evaluate trainees' intercultural awareness and help them improve intercultural sensitivity, also sometimes referred to as cultural sensitivity, which is the ability of accepting and adapting to a brand new and different culture. [2]
The first outline of her theory was found in an article titled, "Toward an Interactive Theory of Communication - Acculturation", [4] leading to a complete rendition of the theory in Communication and Cross-Cultural Adaptation: An Integrative Theory, [1] which was further refined and updated with Becoming Intercultural: An Integrative Theory of ...
According to CFT's fourth axiom, communication competence, or the ability to communicate effectively, is a key component of intercultural transformation, in both newcomers and the host culture. [6] Following the fourth axiom, CFT's fifth axiom states that engagement with communicative activities is pivotal for intercultural transformation. [6]
Cultural communication is the practice and study of how different cultures communicate within their community by verbal and nonverbal means. [1] Cultural communication can also be referred to as intercultural communication and cross-cultural communication.