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[14]: 643–645 A subset of adverb phrase modifiers of prepositions express degree and occur within prepositional phrases but not other phrasal categories. These degree adverbs include clear, flat, plumb, right, smack, and straight. Examples of prepositional phrases modified in this way include clear up the tree, straight out the door, and ...
Adjective phrase (AP), adverb phrase (AdvP), adposition phrase (PP), noun phrase (NP), verb phrase (VP), etc. In terms of phrase structure rules , phrasal categories can occur to the left of the arrow while lexical categories cannot, e.g. NP → D N. Traditionally, a phrasal category should consist of two or more words, although conventions ...
A prepositional phrase can be used as a complement or post-modifier of a noun in a noun phrase, as in the man in the car, the start of the fight; as a complement of a verb or adjective, as in deal with the problem, proud of oneself; or generally as an adverb phrase (see above). English allows the use of "stranded" prepositions.
The underlined phrases in the following sentences are examples of prepositional phrases in English. The prepositions are in bold: a. She walked to his desk. b. Ryan could see her in the room. c. David walked on top of the building. d. They walked up the stairs. e. Philip ate in the kitchen. f. Charlotte walked inside the house. g. As a student ...
Prepositional verbs are very common in many languages, though they would not necessarily be analyzed as a distinct verb type: they are simply verbs followed by prepositional phrases. By contrast, particle verbs are much rarer in cross-language comparison, and their origins need some explanation.
Most such phrases, however, can be analyzed as having a different hierarchical structure (such as a prepositional phrase modifying a following adverb). The Chinese example could be analyzed as a prepositional phrase headed by cóng ("from"), taking the locative noun phrase bīngxīang lǐ ("refrigerator inside") as its complement.
(adverb in adjective phrase) She set it down [very gently]. (adverb in adverb phrase) [Even more] people were there. (adverb modifying a determiner) It ran [right up the tree]. (adverb modifying a prepositional phrase) [Only the dog] was saved. (adverb modifying a noun phrase) In some cases, noun phrases or quantifiers can act as modifiers:
- Adverb phrase as antecedent g. Fred works hard, but Tom does not do the same. - Verb phrase as antecedent h. Susan lies all the time, which everybody knows about. - Entire clause as antecedent i. Our politicians have been pandering again. This demotivates the voters. - Entire sentence as antecedent j. Rob is a dentist and, as such, he fixes ...