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Topography can modify the local climate, for example through orographic precipitation, which in turn modifies the topography by changing the hydrologic regime in which it evolves. Many geomorphologists are particularly interested in the potential for feedbacks between climate and tectonics, mediated by geomorphic processes. [4]
Nivation hollow – Geomorphic processes associated with snow patches; Oxbow lake – U-shaped lake or pool left by an ancient river meander; Panhole – Depression or basin eroded into flat or gently sloping cohesive rock; Pothole – Natural bowl-shaped hollow carved into a streambed; Plunge pool – Depression at the base of a waterfall
Organisms affect geomorphic processes in a variety of ways. For example, trees can reduce landslide potential where their roots penetrate to underlying rock, plants and their litter inhibit soil erosion, biochemicals produced by plants accelerate the chemical weathering of bedrock and regolith, and marine animals cause the bioerosion of coral.
Mauna Loa is the classic example, with a slope of 4°-6°. (The relation between slope and viscosity falls under the topic of angle of repose . [ 12 ] ) A composite volcano or stratovolcano has a more steeply rising cone (33°-40°), [ 13 ] because of the higher viscosity of the emitted material, and eruptions are more violent and less frequent ...
Desert geomorphology or the geomorphology of arid and semi-arid lands shares many landforms and processes with more humid regions. One distinctive feature is the sparse or lacking vegetation cover, which influences fluvial and slope processes, related to wind and salt activity. [4]
Geomorphology (from the Greek words Ge = earth, morfe = form and logos = study) is the science of surface features and landforms including the forces and processes that create them. Geomorphology has strong ties to geologic structure, rock types, and local/regional climate.
Hydrogeomorphology has been defined as “an interdisciplinary science that focuses on the interaction and linkage of hydrologic processes with landforms or earth materials and the interaction of geomorphic processes with surface and subsurface water in temporal and spatial dimensions.” [1] The term 'hydro-geomorphology’ designates the study of landforms caused by the action of water. [2]
Example of a periglacial landscape with both pingos and polygon wedge ice near Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories, Canada. Periglaciation (adjective: "periglacial", referring to places at the edges of glacial areas) describes geomorphic processes that result from seasonal thawing and freezing, very often in areas of permafrost.