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The history of African Americans in Chicago or Black Chicagoans dates back to Jean Baptiste Point du Sable 's trading activities in the 1780s. Du Sable, the city's founder, was Haitian of African and French descent. [4] Fugitive slaves and freedmen established the city's first black community in the 1840s. By the late 19th century, the first ...
The English word is derived from the Old French subburbe, which is in turn derived from the Latin suburbium, formed from sub (meaning "under" or "below") and urbs ("city"). "). The first recorded use of the term in English according to the Oxford English Dictionary [11] appears in Middle English c. 1350 in the manuscript of the Midlands Prose Psalter, [12] in which the form suburbes is
Suburbanization. A suburban land use pattern in the United States (Colorado Springs, Colorado), showing a mix of residential streets and cul-de-sacs intersected by a four-lane road. Suburbanization (American English), also spelled suburbanisation (British English), is a population shift from historic core cities or rural areas into suburbs.
This wave of migration often resulted in overcrowding of urban areas due to exclusionary housing policies meant to keep African-American families out of developing suburbs. For example, in the New York and northern New Jersey suburbs 67,000 mortgages were insured by the G.I. Bill, but fewer than 100 were taken out by non-whites. [33] [34]
In 1830, there were 14,000 "Free negroes" living in New York City. [2] The formation of black neighborhoods is closely linked to the history of segregation in the United States, either through formal laws or as a product of social norms. Black neighborhoods have played an important role in the development of African-American culture. [3]
Commons. v. t. e. Residential segregation is the physical separation of two or more groups into different neighborhoods [1] —a form of segregation that "sorts population groups into various neighborhood contexts and shapes the living environment at the neighborhood level". [2] While it has traditionally been associated with racial segregation ...
Poverty. Housing segregation affects the development of concentrated areas of poverty, especially among racial minorities groups. [14][15] Housing segregation interacts with existing poverty rates among minority groups, especially African Americans and Latinos, to perpetuate the cycle of poor people moving into concentrated areas of poverty.
Three of those empty seats were held by Democrats, one by a Republican. The number for control of the chamber is 218, meaning Democrats need to flip four seats nationwide to win control of the House.