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Due to climate change in the Arctic, this polar region is expected to become "profoundly different" by 2050. [1]: 2321 The speed of change is "among the highest in the world", [1]: 2321 with the rate of warming being 3-4 times faster than the global average. [2][3][4][5] This warming has already resulted in the profound Arctic sea ice decline ...
These interactions may have been important through the large climate fluctuations since the glacial period (the last ca. 14,500 years). Therefore it is useful to review the past dynamics of vegetation and climate to place recent observed changes in the Arctic into context. This article focuses on northern Alaska where there has been much ...
The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long, cold winters and short, cool summers. There is a large amount of variability in climate across the Arctic, but all regions experience extremes of solar radiation in both summer and winter. Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice (sea ice, glacial ice, or snow) year-round, and nearly all ...
Arctic vegetation is largely controlled by the mean temperature in July, the warmest month. Arctic vegetation occurs in the tundra climate, where trees cannot grow.Tundra climate has two boundaries: the snow line, where permanent year-round snow and ice are on the ground, and the tree line, where the climate becomes warm enough for trees to grow. [7]
Climate change in Greenland. Climate change in Greenland is affecting the livelihood of the Greenlandic population. Geographically Greenland is situated between the Arctic and the Atlantic Ocean, with two thirds of the island being north of the Arctic Circle. [1] Since the middle of the 20th century, the Arctic has been warming at about twice ...
The polar climate regions are characterized by a lack of warm summers but with varying winters. Every month a polar climate has an average temperature of less than 10 °C (50 °F). Regions with a polar climate cover more than 20% of the Earth's area. Most of these regions are far from the equator and near the poles, and in this case, winter ...
The Arctic oscillation (AO) or Northern Annular Mode / Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode (NAM) is a weather phenomenon at the Arctic pole north of 55 degrees latitude. It is an important mode of climate variability for the Northern Hemisphere. The southern hemisphere analogue is called the Antarctic oscillation or Southern Annular Mode (SAM).
Climate change can also be used more broadly to include changes to the climate that have happened throughout Earth's history. [38] Global warming—used as early as 1975 [39] —became the more popular term after NASA climate scientist James Hansen used it in his 1988 testimony in the U.S. Senate. [40] Since the 2000s, climate change has ...