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Computer data storage or digital data storage is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers. [1]: 15–16. The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer is what manipulates data by performing computations.
Device types. A solid-state drive (SSD) provides secondary storage for relatively complex systems including personal computers, embedded systems, portable devices, large servers and network-attached storage (NAS). To satisfy such a wide range of uses, SSDs are produced with various features, capacities, interfaces and physical sizes and layouts.
There are four major storage levels. [1] Internal – Processor registers and cache. Main – the system RAM and controller cards. On-line mass storage – Secondary storage. Off-line bulk storage – Tertiary and Off-line storage. This is a general memory hierarchy structuring. Many other structures are useful.
Direct-access storage device. A direct-access storage device (DASD) (pronounced / ˈdæzdiː /) is a secondary storage device in which "each physical record has a discrete location and a unique address". The term was coined by IBM to describe devices that allowed random access to data, the main examples being drum memory and hard disk drives. [1]
Disk partitioning or disk slicing[1] is the creation of one or more regions on secondary storage, so that each region can be managed separately. [2] These regions are called partitions. It is typically the first step of preparing a newly installed disk after a partitioning scheme is chosen for the new disk before any file system is created.
Non-volatile memory (NVM) or non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retain stored information even after power is removed. In contrast, volatile memory needs constant power in order to retain data. Non-volatile memory typically refers to storage in semiconductor memory chips, which store data in floating-gate memory cells ...
In operating systems, memory management is the function responsible for managing the computer's primary memory. [1]: 105–208. The memory management function keeps track of the status of each memory location, either allocated or free. It determines how memory is allocated among competing processes, deciding which gets memory, when they receive ...
Shown here is the inside of a Pokémon Silver Game Boy cartridge. The ROM is the IC on the right labeled "MX23C1603-12A". Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device.