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In a vehicle with an automatic transmission, the torque converter connects the prime mover to the automatic gear train, which then drives the load. It is thus usually located between the engine's flexplate and the transmission. The equivalent device in a manual transmission is the mechanical clutch.
The 1891 Panhard et Levassor is considered a significant advance in automotive transmissions since it used a three-speed manual transmission. [2] [3] This transmission, along with many similar designs that it inspired, was a non-synchronous (also called sliding-mesh) design where gear changes involved sliding the gears along their shafts so ...
Transmission internals for a 2009 Volkswagen Golf. A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication/reduction in a machine. [1] [2]
3 3 2 Torque Converter: Hydraulic 6-Bolt 4G-Tronic [l] W4A 020 [8] 722.4 20 kg⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) 1982 – 1996 Longitudinal: 4.2491 1.0000 4 4.2491 1.6197 2.0613 S 3 3 2 Torque Converter: Hydraulic 6-Bolt 4G-Tronic [l] W4A 040 II [8] 722.3 40 kg⋅m (289 lb⋅ft) 1985 – 1996 Longitudinal: 3.8707 1.0000 4 3.8707 1.5701 1.9674 S 3 3 2 Torque ...
Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
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The M6 was in reality a two-speed manual transmission with a conventional clutch mounted behind the same fluid coupling unit that was installed in straight Fluid Drive cars. The M4 Vacamatic had two forward speeds and reverse. There was a manual Pull-Cable to lock out the underdrive in the early models.
The 4G-Tronic transmission is a hydraulically operated 4-speed automatic without lock-up that replaced the similarly designed W3A 040, W3B 050, and W4B 025 family of automatic transmissions with the introduction of the W126 S-Class in 1979. In some models it is calibrated to move off in second gear to reduce "creeping" and provide a smoother ...