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It is built as a successor to the Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI). Where WSGI provided a standard for synchronous Python application, ASGI provides one for both asynchronous and synchronous applications, with a WSGI backwards-compatibility implementation and multiple servers and application frameworks.
The Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI, pronounced whiskey [1] [2] or WIZ-ghee [3]) is a simple calling convention for web servers to forward requests to web applications or frameworks written in the Python programming language. The current version of WSGI, version 1.0.1, is specified in Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) 3333. [4]
An example of a CGI program is one implementing a wiki. If the user agent requests the name of an entry, the Web server executes the CGI program. The CGI program retrieves the source of that entry's page (if one exists), transforms it into HTML, and prints the result. The Web server receives the output from the CGI program and transmits it to ...
The Language Server Protocol (LSP) is an open, JSON-RPC-based protocol for use between source code editors or integrated development environments (IDEs) and servers that provide "language intelligence tools": [1] programming language-specific features like code completion, syntax highlighting and marking of warnings and errors, as well as refactoring routines.
This allows using Twisted as the network layer in graphical user interface (GUI) programs, using all of its libraries without adding a thread-per-socket overhead, as using Python's native library would. A full-fledged web server can be integrated in-process with a GUI program using this model, for example.
Werkzeug (German for "tool") is a utility library for the Python programming language for Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI) applications. Werkzeug can instantiate objects for request, response, and utility functions. It can be used as the basis for a custom software framework and supports Python 2.7 and 3.5 and later. [20] [21]
The initial implementation of mod_python was a port to Apache HTTP server of a project called NSAPy. NSAPy was written by Aaron Watters for the Netscape Enterprise Server and was used as an example in a chapter of the book Internet Programming with Python written by Aaron Watters, Guido van Rossum, and James Ahlstrom. [1]
Tornado is a scalable, non-blocking web server and web application framework written in Python. [2] It was developed for use by FriendFeed ; the company was acquired by Facebook in 2009 and Tornado was open-sourced soon after.