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  2. High harmonic generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Harmonic_Generation

    High harmonic generation strongly depends on the driving laser field and as a result the harmonics have similar temporal and spatial coherence properties. [10] High harmonics are often generated with pulse durations shorter than that of the driving laser. [11] This is due to the nonlinearity of the generation process, phase matching and ...

  3. Nonlinear optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_optics

    The first nonlinear optical effect to be predicted was two-photon absorption, by Maria Goeppert Mayer for her PhD in 1931, but it remained an unexplored theoretical curiosity until 1961 and the almost simultaneous observation of two-photon absorption at Bell Labs [4] and the discovery of second-harmonic generation by Peter Franken et al. at University of Michigan, both shortly after the ...

  4. Molecular Hamiltonian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_Hamiltonian

    The corresponding Schrödinger equation is easily solved, it factorizes into 3N − 6 equations for one-dimensional harmonic oscillators. The main effort in this approximate solution of the nuclear motion Schrödinger equation is the computation of the Hessian F of V and its diagonalization.

  5. Second-harmonic generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-harmonic_generation

    Second-harmonic generation was first demonstrated by Peter Franken, A. E. Hill, C. W. Peters, and G. Weinreich at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in 1961. [9] The demonstration was made possible by the invention of the laser, which created the required high-intensity coherent light. They focused a ruby laser with a wavelength of 694 nm ...

  6. Degenerate energy levels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerate_energy_levels

    + = + = Multiplying the first equation by and the second by and subtracting one from the other, we get: = Integrating both sides = In case of well-defined and normalizable wave functions, the above constant vanishes, provided both the wave functions vanish at at least one point, and we find: = where is, in general, a complex constant.

  7. Harmonic generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_generation

    N-th harmonic generation. Harmonic generation (HG, also called multiple harmonic generation) is a nonlinear optical process in which photons with the same frequency interact with a nonlinear material, are "combined", and generate a new photon with times the energy of the initial photons (equivalently, times the frequency and the wavelength divided by ).

  8. Sum-frequency generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum-frequency_generation

    This is because in second-harmonic generation, only one input light beam is required, but if , two simultaneous beams are required, which can be more difficult to arrange. In practice, the term "sum-frequency generation" usually refers to the less common case in which ω 1 ≠ ω 2 {\displaystyle \omega _{1}\neq \omega _{2}} .

  9. Attosecond physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attosecond_physics

    High harmonic generation in krypton.This technology is one of the most used techniques to generate attosecond bursts of light. Attosecond physics, also known as attophysics, or more generally attosecond science, is a branch of physics that deals with light-matter interaction phenomena wherein attosecond (10 −18 s) photon pulses are used to unravel dynamical processes in matter with ...