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A chess problem, also called a chess composition, is a puzzle created by the composer using chess pieces on a chessboard, which presents the solver with a particular task.. For instance, a position may be given with the instruction that White is to move first, and checkmate Black in two moves against any possible defen
A type of problem in which there are two solutions, the second one reversing the roles of the colours in the first. The most common type is the duplex helpmate, in which the two solutions are: Black moves first and cooperates with White to be mated; and White moves first and cooperates with Black to be mated.
The device can be understood by reference to the problem shown here, a mate in two moves (white moves first, and must checkmate black in two moves against any defence). The key (first move of the solution; see Glossary of chess problems) is 1.Nb2 (see algebraic notation). This interferes with black's rook and bishop, and whichever of those ...
Dawson published his first problem, a two-mover, in 1907. His chess problem compositions include 5,320 fairies, 885 directmates, 97 selfmates, and 138 endings. 120 of his problems have been awarded prizes and 211 honourably mentioned or otherwise commended. He cooperated in chess composition with Charles Masson Fox.
A player can either move one piece twice (this is the source of the famous trap in the "balanced" version of the game where White opening with pawn-two appears to be trivially busted by an unprincipled defense with the pawn on an adjacent file) or move two different pieces on their turn.
Fool's mate was named and described in The Royal Game of Chess-Play, a 1656 text by Francis Beale that adapted the work of the early chess writer Gioachino Greco. [2]Prior to the mid-19th century, there was not a prevailing convention as to whether White or Black moved first; according to Beale, the matter was to be decided in some prior contest or decision of the players' choice. [3]
Chess problems are divided into orthodox and heterodox types, both covering a variety of genres. Orthodox problems employ the standard rules of chess and involve positions that can legally arise from actual gameplay. The most common form of orthodox problem is the directmate, which stipulates checkmate in n moves, usually two or three. The ...
In 1936, Alain C. White published A Genius of the Two-Mover, which included 100 of the 300-or-so problems that Mansfield had composed over the past 20 years; and, in 1944, White also published Mansfield's Adventures in Composition – The Art of the Two Move Chess Problem in a limited edition. This book was re-published in the UK in 1948. [2]