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  2. Phonological history of English close back vowels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of...

    The history of the merger dates back to two Middle English phonemes: the long vowel /oː/ (which shoot traces back to) and the short vowel /u/ (which put traces back to). As a result of the Great Vowel Shift , /oː/ raised to /uː/ , which continues to be the pronunciation of shoot today.

  3. Phonological history of English vowels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of...

    The next–text split is a vowel split occurring in Singaporean English where next /nekst/ and text /tɛkst/ use different vowel phonemes and do not rhyme. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The met – mate merger is a phenomenon occurring for some speakers of Zulu English where /eɪ/ and /ɛ/ are both pronounced /ɛ/ .

  4. Phonological history of English - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Phonological_history_of_English

    Moving forward in time, the two Middle English vowels /a/ and /aː/ correspond directly to the two vowels /a/ and /ɛː/, respectively, in the Early Modern English of c. 1600 AD (the time of Shakespeare). However, each vowel has split into a number of different pronunciations in Modern English, depending on the phonological context.

  5. Phonological changes from Classical Latin to Proto-Romance

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_changes_from...

    The same process also affects stressed front and back vowels in hiatus if they are antepenultimate (in the third-to-last syllable of a word). When /j/ is produced, primary stress shifts to the following vowel, but when /w/ is produced, primary stress shifts instead to the preceding syllable, as in /fiːˈliolus, teˈnueram/ > /fiːˈljolus ...

  6. Old English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English_phonology

    The long–short vowel pair /æ æː/ developed into the Middle English vowels /a ɛː/, with two different vowel qualities distinguished by height: Hogg 1992 suggests they may have had different qualities in late Old English as well. [110] The back low vowels /ɑ ɑː/ also generally show a qualitative distinction in Middle English: short /ɑ ...

  7. Phonological history of Old English - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of...

    Back mutation (sometimes back umlaut, guttural umlaut, u-umlaut, or velar umlaut) is a change that took place in late prehistoric Old English and caused short e, i and sometimes a to break into a diphthong (eo, io, ea respectively, similar to breaking) when a back vowel (u, o, ō, a) occurred in the following syllable. [24]

  8. English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology

    The following table shows the 24 consonant phonemes found in most dialects of English, plus /x/, whose distribution is more limited. Fortis consonants are always voiceless, aspirated in syllable onset (except in clusters beginning with /s/ or /ʃ/), and sometimes also glottalized to an extent in syllable coda (most likely to occur with /t/, see T-glottalization), while lenis consonants are ...

  9. Assimilation (phonology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assimilation_(phonology)

    For example, in the history of English, a back vowel became front if a high front vowel or semivowel (*i, ī, j) was in the following syllable, and a front vowel became higher unless it was already high: Proto-Germanic *mūsiz "mice" > Old English mýs /myːs/ > Modern English mice; PGmc *batizōn "better" > OE bettre; PGmc *fōtiz "feet" > OE ...

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