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Dyslexia and dyscalculia are two learning disorders with different cognitive profiles. Dyslexia and dyscalculia have separable cognitive profiles, mainly a phonological deficit in the case of dyslexia and a deficient number module in the case of dyscalculia. [7] Individuals with dyslexia can be gifted in mathematics while having poor reading ...
During the twentieth century, dyslexia was primarily seen as a phonological deficit (specifically phonological awareness) that resulted in a reading deficit. [5] [6] [7] Dyslexia was seen as an issue with reading achievement specifically, caused by deficits in discrimination of written word sounds as opposed to a broader disorder of brain ...
Dyslexia that develops due to a traumatic brain injury, stroke, or dementia is sometimes called "acquired dyslexia" [1] or alexia. [3] The underlying mechanisms of dyslexia result from differences within the brain's language processing. [3] Dyslexia is diagnosed through a series of tests of memory, vision, spelling, and reading skills. [4]
Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that primarily affects the skills involved in accurate and fluent word reading and spelling. Characteristic features of dyslexia are difficulties in phonological awareness, verbal memory and verbal processing speed. Dyslexia occurs across the range of intellectual abilities.
Neuropsycholinguistic Perspectives on Dyslexia and Other Learning Disabilities. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60021-537-7. Elliott, Julian G.; Grigorenko, Elena L. (2014). The Dyslexia Debate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13587-0. Ellis, Andrew W. (2014). Reading, Writing and Dyslexia: A Cognitive Analysis. Psychology Press.
The word is drawn from the Greek prefix δυσ- (dus-), "hard, bad, difficult" [6] + λέξις (lexis), "speech, word". [7] [8] He used the term to refer to a case of a young boy who had a severe impairment in learning to read and write in spite of showing typical intellectual and physical abilities in all other respects.
Children who have learning disabilities often have parents who have the same struggles. Children of parents who had less than 12 years of school are more likely to have a reading disability. Some children have spontaneous mutations (i.e. not present in either parent) which can cause developmental disorders including learning disabilities. [30]
Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in "language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living". [1]