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Opus sectile is a form of pietra dura popularized in the ancient and medieval Roman world where materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern. Common materials were marble, mother of pearl, and glass. The materials were cut in thin pieces, polished, then trimmed further according to a chosen pattern.
Wattle and daub is a composite building method used for making walls and buildings, in which a woven lattice of wooden strips called "wattle" is "daubed" with a sticky material usually made of some combination of wet soil, clay, sand, and straw. Wattle and daub has been used for at least 6,000 years and is still an important construction method ...
All-timber-wood floors made from multiple layers of sawn wood. Most engineered wood flooring is in this category, and does not use rotary-peeled veneer, composite wood (such as HDF), or plastic in their construction. Veneer floors use a thin layer of wood over a core that is commonly a composite wood product.
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A less common meaning of the term "half-timbered" is found in the fourth edition of John Henry Parker's Classic Dictionary of Architecture (1873) which distinguishes full-timbered houses from half-timbered, with half-timber houses having a ground floor in stone [15] or logs such as the Kluge House which was a log cabin with a timber-framed ...
Walls appear to be bowed inward. Peeling paint: Water seeping through walls may lead to bubbling or peeling paint along basement walls. [4] Efflorescence: White, powdery residue found on basement walls near the floor. Mold: Fungi that usually grow in damp, dark areas and can cause respiratory problems after prolonged exposure.
After drying, the walls would be trimmed and the next course built, with lintels for later openings such as doors and windows being placed as the wall takes shape. [14] The walls of a cob house are generally about 24 inches (61 cm) thick, and windows were correspondingly deep-set, giving the homes a characteristic internal appearance.
Replacing the roofing felt on a Scout hall in Wales. Bituminous waterproofing systems are designed to protect residential and commercial buildings.Bitumen (asphalt or coal-tar pitch) is a material made up of organic liquids that are highly sticky, viscous, and waterproof. [1]