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There are other pathways to the eye for both sympathetic and sensory fibers, and the precise anatomy varies from person to person. Since the result is the same regardless of how the fibers reach the eye, the presence of sympathetic and sensory fibers in the ciliary ganglion (the contributions of the “sensory” and “sympathetic” roots) is ...
The ophthalmic nerve (CN V 1) is a sensory nerve of the head. It is one of three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) , a cranial nerve . It has three major branches which provide sensory innervation to the eye , and the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp , as well as other structures of the head.
One pathway—dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway—begins with sensation from the periphery being sent via afferent nerve fiber of the dorsal root ganglion (first order neuron) through the spinal cord to the dorsal column nuclei (second order neuron) in the brainstem.
Some fibers project directly to the dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve, and autonomic nuclei of the spinal cord (hypothalamospinal fibers). [1] Descending projections of the DLF are functionally involved in mediating chewing, swallowing, [3] [2] salivation and gastrointestinal secretory function, [2] and shivering. [3]
However, new evidence has accumulated showing that the two streams appear to feed on a more even mixture of different types of nerve fibers. [8] The other major retino–cortical visual pathway is the tectopulvinar pathway, routing primarily through the superior colliculus and thalamic pulvinar nucleus onto posterior parietal cortex and visual ...
RNFL asymmetry has been proposed as a strong indicator of optic neuritis, [7] [8] with one small study proposing that asymmetry of 5–6μm was "a robust structural threshold for identifying the presence of a unilateral optic nerve lesion in MS." [9] Optic neuritis is often associated with multiple sclerosis, and RNFL data may indicate the pace ...
The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc in a normal human eye carries 1–1.2 million afferent nerve fibers from the eye toward the brain.
Lesions involving the whole optic nerve cause complete blindness on the affected side, that means damage at the right optic nerve causes complete loss of vision in the right eye. [3] Optic neuritis involving external fibers of the optic nerve causes tunnel vision. [4] Optic neuritis involving internal fibers of the optic nerve causes central ...