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The word mural is derived from the Latin word murus, meaning wall. Walls have long provided a direct support for aesthetic, political, and social ideas expressed with paint. Cave paintings could be considered the earliest murals, followed over time by wall paintings in tombs, temples, churches, civic buildings, and a variety of outdoor spaces. [1]
The Federal Art Project (1935–1943) of the Works Progress Administration was the largest of the New Deal art projects. [1] As many as 10,000 artists [2] were employed to create murals, easel paintings, sculpture, graphic art, posters, photography, Index of American Design documentation, theatre scenic design, and arts and crafts. [3]
New Deal art was installed in the Social Security building (now HHS), the Department of the Interior, the Department of Justice building, the Department of Labor building (now Customs and Immigration), the Apex building (now Federal Trade Commission), the Government Printing Office Annex, the Home Owners Loan Corporation, the National Zoological Park, the District of Columbia Recorder of Deeds ...
Murals produced through the Treasury Department's Section of Painting and Sculpture (1934–1943) were funded as a part of the cost of the construction of new post offices, with 1% of the cost set aside for artistic enhancements. [4] Murals were commissioned through competitions open to all artists in the United States. [5]
Collectively, the artists of the New Deal produced a vast archive: Murals, including 1,100 post office murals , [6] free-standing and bas relief sculpture, an estimated 30,000 posters, [7] more than 700 books and pamphlets and radio scripts, [8] and architectural details for scores of public buildings, in a style now called WPA Moderne. [9]
Since the local post office seemed to be the most frequented government building by the public, the Section requested that the murals, approximately 12 by 5 feet (3.7 by 1.5 m) oil paintings on canvas, be placed on the walls of the newly constructed post offices exclusively. It was recommended that 1% of the money budgeted for each post office ...
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