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Perspective drawing is useful for representing a three-dimensional scene in a two-dimensional medium, like paper. It is based on the optical fact that for a person an object looks N times (linearly) smaller if it has been moved N times further from the eye than the original distance was.
Curvilinear barrel distortion Curvilinear pincushion distortion. Curvilinear perspective, also five-point perspective, is a graphical projection used to draw 3D objects on 2D surfaces, for which (straight) lines on the 3D object are projected to curves on the 2D surface that are typically not straight (hence the qualifier "curvilinear" [citation needed]).
The roots of perspective distortion trace back to ancient civilizations, where early artists sought to represent three-dimensional objects on two-dimensional surfaces. Ancient Egyptian art and Mesopotamian art often featured composite perspectives, blending different viewpoints into a single scene to communicate symbolic or hierarchical meaning ...
In painting, photography, graphical perspective and descriptive geometry, a picture plane is an image plane located between the "eye point" (or oculus) and the object being viewed and is usually coextensive to the material surface of the work. It is ordinarily a vertical plane perpendicular to the sightline to the object of interest.
In 5-point perspective the vanishing points are mapped into a circle with 4 vanishing points at the cardinal headings N, W, S, E and one at the circle's origin. A reverse perspective is a drawing with vanishing points that are placed outside the painting with the illusion that they are "in front of" the painting.
In the twentieth century, artists began to play with perspective by drawing "impossible objects". These objects included stairs that always ascend, or cubes where the back meets the front. Such works were popularized by the artist M. C. Escher and the mathematician Roger Penrose.
Forced perspective is a technique that employs optical illusion to make an object appear farther away, closer, larger or smaller than it actually is. It manipulates human visual perception through the use of scaled objects and the correlation between them and the vantage point of the spectator or camera .
Reverse perspective, also called inverse perspective, [1] inverted perspective, [2] divergent perspective, [3] [4] or Byzantine perspective, [5] is a form of perspective drawing where the objects depicted in a scene are placed between the projective point and the viewing plane.