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Integral geometry sprang from the principle that the mathematically natural probability models are those that are invariant under certain transformation groups. This topic emphasises systematic development of formulas for calculating expected values associated with the geometric objects derived from random points, and can in part be viewed as a ...
Entropy is a measure of uncertainty in a probability distribution. For the geometric distribution that models the number of failures before the first success, the probability mass function is: (=) = (), =,,, … The entropy () for this distribution is defined as:
Geometric modeling is a branch of applied mathematics and computational geometry that studies methods and algorithms for the mathematical description of shapes. The shapes studied in geometric modeling are mostly two- or three- dimensional ( solid figures ), although many of its tools and principles can be applied to sets of any finite dimension.
In probability theory and statistics, the hypergeometric distribution is a discrete probability distribution that describes the probability of successes (random draws for which the object drawn has a specified feature) in draws, without replacement, from a finite population of size that contains exactly objects with that feature, wherein each draw is either a success or a failure.
Geometric Brownian motion is used to model stock prices in the Black–Scholes model and is the most widely used model of stock price behavior. [4] Some of the arguments for using GBM to model stock prices are: The expected returns of GBM are independent of the value of the process (stock price), which agrees with what we would expect in ...
The probability generating function of a binomial random variable, the number of successes in trials, with probability of success in each trial, is () = [() +]. Note : it is the n {\displaystyle n} -fold product of the probability generating function of a Bernoulli random variable with parameter p {\displaystyle p} .
The classical definition of probability assigns equal probabilities to events based on physical symmetry which is natural for coins, cards and dice. Some mathematicians object that the definition is circular. [11] The probability for a "fair" coin is... A "fair" coin is defined by a probability of... The definition is very limited.
In graph theory, a random geometric graph (RGG) is the mathematically simplest spatial network, namely an undirected graph constructed by randomly placing N nodes in some metric space (according to a specified probability distribution) and connecting two nodes by a link if and only if their distance is in a given range, e.g. smaller than a certain neighborhood radius, r.